Make sure you are doing your part!
Media Presentation pix/charts/quotes should be ready for team review. Your chief lawyer
should review with media specialist to prepare for opening argument.
Be Smart, Do your Part!
Monday, February 28, 2011
Friday, February 25, 2011
Complete legal packet for Monday; multimedia bank for the team
Be specific. Complete carefully. Attach addl pages as needed including your 'story' of the case.
Turn in Monday.
Opening Statement for Counsel/Lawyers
Turn in Monday.
Opening Statement for Counsel/Lawyers
Wednesday, February 23, 2011
Schedule/Due Dates for Supreme Court Cases
•Feb. 19 one page case story
•Feb. 22 Facts, Legal Question, Arguments (see packet)
•Feb. 24 Precedent Cases
•Feb. 25 Precedent Case #2
•Feb 28 5 Effects of the Case
•Mar 1 Opening Arguments
•Mar 2 Research to Support Arguments
•Mar 3 Media Check w/ Legal Presentation
•Mar 4 Supreme Court Case Rehearsals for each Law Firm
•Mar 7 First Draft Essay - Trip to Nixon Library
•Mar 8 Supreme Court Case 1, 2
• Mar 9 Case 3 and… Final Essay Due!
Tuesday, February 22, 2011
Continue with your case work.....
You will complete the first and second page of the organizer. Please attach your one page
story after the first page.
There is not enough room on the paper...so I will expect you to add notes as you do your
research. Everyone does research....however, the 'researcher' will go into greater depth to
assist your Trial Lawyer. Media Specialist should start collecting/visuals that will support
your arguments.
story after the first page.
There is not enough room on the paper...so I will expect you to add notes as you do your
research. Everyone does research....however, the 'researcher' will go into greater depth to
assist your Trial Lawyer. Media Specialist should start collecting/visuals that will support
your arguments.
Friday, February 18, 2011
HW: supreme court case research
Go to…
http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/09pdf/08-1521.pdf
Read the background story of the case; what happened? What was the controversy? Identify the facts of the case. How does it include amendments or constitution?
Write a one page, typed, version of the story of the case. Write it as either the plaintiff or the defendant.
(Petitioner v. Respondent)
http://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/09pdf/08-1521.pdf
•Oyez.org
•Findlaw.com
•Justia.org
•Supreme courtRead the background story of the case; what happened? What was the controversy? Identify the facts of the case. How does it include amendments or constitution?
Write a one page, typed, version of the story of the case. Write it as either the plaintiff or the defendant.
(Petitioner v. Respondent)
Per. 1
McDonald v. Chicago Ericelsa v. Brothers
TLO v. New Jersey Justice for All v. KIP
Gutter v. Bollinger Derive Justice v. Lenny Paz,
Per. 2
McDonald v. Chicago Justice League v.
1. Gutter v. Bollinger JJMD v. We’re A Peach That Cares
2. Hazelwood v. Kulmeier Legal Justice Committee v. LOS DEFEnsores v.
Prop 8 Legion of Justice
Per. 3
Korematsu v. USA Wendy v Richard
TLO Y’shua v. Veronica
Grutter v. Bollinger Chase v. Lupita
Prop 8 Allison v Sirvard
•t
Supreme Court Document for Sup. Ct. Cases Handout Tuesday
Filed Date:
IN THE SUPREME COURT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
)
v. )
Petitioner. ) Super. Ct. No. H15696
_______________________________ )
CASE NAME:
A. Identify Case Facts: 1.)
2.)
3.)
4.
Case Story Summary: 3 paragraphs
B. Legal or Constitutional Issue Question:
B. Summarize Arguments: For
C. Summarize Arguments: Against__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Precedent Cases
Precedent #1.
A. Identify Essential Facts:
1.)
2.)
B. Summarize Arguments: For your case
C. Summarize Arguments: Against your case:
Precedent #2.
A. Identify Essential Facts:
1.)
2.)
B. Summarize Arguments: For
C. Summarize Arguments: Against:
D. Opening Arguments:
1._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Judge Signature
Attorneys for the Defendant
Attorneys for the Plaintiff
C. What are five potential effects of the Supreme Court’s findings on your life, school, and nation?
1.)Personal Life:
2.)Personal Life:
3.)School:
4.)School:
5.)Nation:
Judge Signature
Thursday, February 17, 2011
Civil Rights and the Supreme Court 40 minutes
HW : Read 601-06 answer 2,3,4,5
Read p. 607 Civil Rights and School Integration; read; define: rectify; answer 1-3
Wednesday, February 16, 2011
Controversial Case Examples Concerning Basic Rights
HW: WORK:
•P. 567 -568 Privacy; Abortion/ Roe v. Wade Explain the application of the 4th Amendment to Abortion decision Roe v. Wade
p. 570 Right to Bear Arms/gun control; explain the two sides of the argument; cite a case
p. 571 Probable Cause define; give an example
p. 584; read; answer questions
p. 586-88 Cruel and Unusual Punishment Assessment #3
p. 589 Search and Seizure Issues; answer 2; How would you rule using the ‘arguments’? find out what the court decided. explain why.
•P. 567 -568 Privacy; Abortion/ Roe v. Wade Explain the application of the 4th Amendment to Abortion decision Roe v. Wade
p. 570 Right to Bear Arms/gun control; explain the two sides of the argument; cite a case
p. 571 Probable Cause define; give an example
p. 584; read; answer questions
p. 586-88 Cruel and Unusual Punishment Assessment #3
p. 589 Search and Seizure Issues; answer 2; How would you rule using the ‘arguments’? find out what the court decided. explain why.
Monday, February 14, 2011
Tes on Civil Liberties: Wednesday STUDY THIS!
REVIEW for TEST : Civil Liberties
Define:
1.civil liberties
2.civil rights
3.bill of rights
4.libel
5.slander
6.symbolic speech
7.unconstitutional
8.obscenity
9.Prior restraint
10.freedom of association
11.Explain the 3 parts of the Lemon Test
12.What is a Seasonal display and what is considered a constitutional display?
13.What is the debate concerning display of the Ten commandments
14.What does it mean that the government must be “Content neutral” when is comes to freedom of speech and expression?
15.What would be an example of seditious speech in 2010?
16.What are the Constitutional guarantees to assemble…
17.Explain freedom of speech on Public property…
18.Explain freedom of speech on Private property…
19.How do the ‘standards of the community’ determine what is ‘obscene’ in many cases?
20.Explain the issues of the “separation of church and state”. Give an example.
Did Rodney King get Due Process of Law?
HW: Read p. 564-566 Explain the concept of Due Process; five examples of how it has developed. Cite and explain 3 cases that illustrate the courts decisions about Due Process. Answer Chart on p. 565. Explain procedural and substantive due process…..
Find out the ‘due process clause’ in `14th amendment—what does it say? And in the 5th Amendment?
Wednesday, February 2, 2011
Revised TEst: 75 Questions Final Lite Version!
final2011
Matching
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms.
a.
constitution
b.
executive power
c.
unitary government
d.
parliamentary government
e.
presidential government
f.
legislative power
____ 1. A ____ is the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of government.
____ 2. A ____, often described as a centralized government, is one in which all powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency.
____ 3. ____ is the power to make law and frame public policies.
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms.
a.
Anti-Federalists
h.
unicameral
b.
boycott
i.
representative government
c.
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
j.
Virginia Plan
d.
Connecticut Compromise
k.
Petition of Right
e.
English Bill of Rights
l.
charter colonies
f.
Federalists
m.
Articles of Confederation
g.
Magna Carta
n.
proprietary colonies
____ 4. called for representation in Congress by population or by the amount of money given to the central government
____ 5. idea that government should serve the will of the people
____ 6. first English charter of liberties which included such fundamental rights as trial by jury and due process of law
____ 7. statement that Parliament forced the king to sign, declaring that even a monarch must obey the law of the land
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms. Some terms may be used more than once.
a.
coalition
b.
political party
c.
major parties
d.
minor party
e.
split-ticket voting
f.
precinct
g.
pluralistic society
____ 8. the smallest unit of election administration
____ 9. a group of people joined together on the basis of common principles, who seek to control government and public policy
____ 10. consisting of several distinct cultures and groups
____ 11. the dominant political parties in the United States
____ 12. casting ballots for candidates from different parties for different offices in the same election
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms. Some terms may be used more than once.
a.
ward
f.
split-ticket voting
b.
electorate
g.
splinter parties
c.
minor party
h.
major parties
d.
plurality
i.
bipartisan
e.
political party
____ 13. parties that have broken off from one of the major parties
____ 14. the greatest number of votes cast for a single office
____ 15. the people eligible to vote in any given election
____ 16. a group that seeks to control government by winning elections and holding public office
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
____ 17. In a dictatorship supreme authority rests solely with the people. _________________________
____ 18. Government is the process of accommodating different needs and viewpoints. _________________________
____ 19. "Government of the people, by the people, for the people" describes a system of government in which the people are sovereign. _________________________
____ 20. The delegated powers are those powers that the Constitution grants to both National and State governments. _________________________
Short Answer
INTERPRETING GRAPHS
Use the graph to answer the following questions.
21. What percentage of voters turned out for the presidential election in 1964? In 1988?
22. Which year shows the greatest difference between voter turnout for presidential elections versus non-presidential elections?
23. How much did voter turnout for presidential elections decrease during the period 1964–1996? Was the decline steady or not? Explain.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
MAIN IDEAS
____ 24. Which of the following is among the characteristics of a state?
a.
population
b.
territory
c.
government
d.
all of the above
____ 25. Which best describes the event leading to the inauguration of the first President of the United States of America?
a.
The people elected the President and electors selected the Vice President.
b.
The States selected electors who voted to elect the President and Vice President.
c.
Congress elected the President and Vice President.
____ 26. The President's power to veto an act of Congress is an example of
a.
executive agreement.
b.
limited government.
c.
checks and balances.
____ 27. Which of the following was formally amended to the Constitution?
a.
balanced federal budget
b.
prohibition of alcoholic beverages
c.
equality of rights for women
____ 28. Which of the following amendments was ratified FIRST?
a.
the amendment allowing Congress to tax incomes
b.
the amendment guaranteeing freedom of speech
c.
the amendment ending slavery
____ 29. In the United States, a political party is made up of a group of people who
a.
work separately to support one major program or policy.
b.
work to get candidates elected to political offices.
c.
disagree on how to resolve the basic issues affecting the country.
____ 30. Although United States political parties focus on winning elections, most political parties in other countries also
a.
have certain principles they want adopted by government.
b.
seek to discourage compromise.
c.
support the one-party system of government.
d.
all of the above.
____ 31. Which of the following groups has tended to support the Democratic party in recent decades?
a.
union members
b.
the business community
c.
white males
____ 32. Which of the following is NOT a long-term trend marking the expansion of suffrage in the United States?
a.
eliminating requirements based on tax payments
b.
removing restrictive requirements based on religious belief
c.
the Federal Government taking less of a role in protecting suffrage rights
____ 33. The provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and its amendments of 1970, 1975, and 1982 apply to
a.
federal elections only.
b.
all national, State, and local elections.
c.
all federal and State elections, but not to all local elections.
____ 34. All of the following are significant reasons for nonvoting in United States elections today EXCEPT
a.
apathy or distrust of politics.
b.
long-term mental or physical illness or illness on an election day.
c.
widespread use of religious and literacy tests.
____ 35. Which act first established a federal commission to investigate claims of individual voter discrimination?
a.
Civil Rights Act of 1960
b.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
c.
Civil Rights Act of 1957
____ 36. All of the following have been used to keep African Americans from voting EXCEPT
a.
federal court orders.
b.
threats and social pressures.
c.
poll taxes.
____ 37. The biggest drawback of the need for large amounts of money to campaign is that
a.
getting money from PACs and temporary organizations is a very difficult process.
b.
people who cannot raise the money are denied a chance to be elected.
c.
candidates must use much of their own money to finance their campaigns.
____ 38. Which of the following is the earliest and one of the most significant agents in the political socialization process?
a.
gender
b.
place of residence
c.
family
____ 39. Which form of mass media is now the principle source of political information for about 80 percent of the population of the United States?
a.
radio
b.
television
c.
newspapers
____ 40. A public-interest group is different from any other interest group because it
a.
works to benefit many or all people, regardless of their affiliations.
b.
chooses to work for more specific goals rather than broader goals.
c.
hides its activities and beliefs from the public.
____ 41. Propaganda techniques aim to be
a.
immoral.
b.
persuasive.
c.
unethical.
____ 42. A presidential primary can be
a.
a process to select delegates to the convention.
b.
an election to determine voters' choice among candidates.
c.
both of the above.
d.
none of the above.
____ 43. One of the major flaws in the electoral college system is that
a.
the incumbent President is usually reelected.
b.
the winner of the popular vote is not guaranteed the presidency.
c.
electors are required to vote according to the wishes of their constituency.
____ 44. The Framers of the Constitution called for the President to be elected by
a.
Congress.
b.
a direct vote of the people.
c.
a body of electors.
____ 45. Which of the following statements is NOT an argument for direct popular election of the President?
a.
The winner would always be the majority choice.
b.
Direct popular election would be a simple, easily understood process.
c.
The small States would gain an advantage in a direct election plan.
____ 46. Which of the following gives the President the power to issue executive orders?
a.
congressional acts and the Constitution
b.
the oath of office and the Constitution
c.
congressional acts and the oath of office
____ 47. The President has the power to make executive agreements
a.
without any congressional action or approval.
b.
with the consent of two-thirds of the Senate.
c.
only a dozen times each year.
____ 48. "Promote the general welfare" really means that
a.
the state promotes private industry.
b.
the government is a servant to its citizens.
c.
the Constitution establishes the meaning of "welfare."
____ 49. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to meet the demands of the
a.
Patriots.
b.
Congress.
c.
Anti-Federalists.
INTERPRETING DIAGRAMS
Use the diagram to answer the following questions.
____ 50. What label should appear at the place marked by the letter B?
a.
Powers reserved to the States
b.
Concurrent Powers
c.
Powers denied both the National Government and the States
____ 51. Based on voter turnout statistics, it is clear that many people
a.
tend to vote in off-year elections if the ballot is not too long.
b.
find voting for President more important than voting for members of Congress.
c.
believe voting is too time consuming.
____ 52. The differences in voting patterns between men and women have been shown to be
a.
too small to measure.
b.
issue-oriented.
c.
income-related.
____ 53. The nominating process is particularly important in
a.
a dictatorship.
b.
our two-party system.
c.
one-party constituencies.
d.
both b and c
____ 54. Compared with the caucus and convention methods, the number of people who can participate in choosing candidates through the direct primary is
a.
very small.
b.
much greater.
c.
much less.
____ 55. Which of the following does NOT need to be supported by facts in order to be valid?
a.
scientific reports
b.
public opinion
c.
public opinion polls
d.
both b and c
INTERPRETING POLITICAL CARTOONS
Use the cartoon to answer the following questions.
____ 56. Why would an interest group send a telegram to the speaker?
a.
to criticize the speaker
b.
to vote the speaker into office
c.
to express an opinion on an issue
____ 57. What does the speaker mean by "a telegram that's just poured in"?
a.
one that came from a very long distance
b.
one with a message supported by many people
c.
one that is very forceful and demanding
____ 58. If a party has been losing support nationally, it may depend heavily on the _____ to begin to reverse that trend.
a.
presidential primary
b.
voters
c.
national convention
____ 59. Should the "winner-take-all" flaw of the electoral college become a recurring problem, it would likely cause
a.
a drop in voter turnout.
b.
a rise in voter turnout.
c.
more elections to be decided in the House.
d.
none of the above.
____ 60. Which of the following ideas was NOT promoted by the "social contract" theory?
a.
individual rights
b.
common defense
c.
limited government
____ 61. In this political cartoon, which statement best describes how the two chefs make a democracy stew?
a.
A democracy cannot have competing interests.
b.
A democracy is made of similar views and interests.
c.
A democracy is made by blending and adjusting competing views and interests.
____ 62. What did the smaller States fear during the framing of the Constitution that led to a series of compromise proposals?
a.
They were worried that the larger States would have fewer separations of power and would use this loophole to gain control of the Senate.
b.
They were worried that the smaller States would be unable to participate in the slave trade.
c.
They were worried that the larger States would have greater representation in Congress and would dominate the government.
____ 63. The concept known as _____ means that basic powers are distributed among three distinct branches of government.
a.
separation of powers
b.
limited government
c.
constitutionalism
____ 64. In 1999, President Clinton used his executive powers to send troops to the Yugoslav province of Kosovo. Considering that only Congress can declare war, how was President Clinton able to send troops into combat without such a declaration?
a.
President Clinton was able to use his veto power to overturn Congress’s decision not to send troops.
b.
As the President of the United States, Clinton had exclusive authority over Congress.
c.
As the commander in chief, Clinton used his power to use the armed forces abroad without congressional approval.
____ 65. What does the constitutional principle of judicial review mean?
a.
Government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights the government cannot take away.
b.
The courts have the power to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action.
c.
People are the source of any and all government power.
____ 66. Which of the following is a reason for voter registration?
a.
to prevent fraudulent voting
b.
to prove a potential voter’s ability to read and write
c.
to prove payment of property taxes
____ 67. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 continued a pattern established by earlier civil rights legislation that emphasized
a.
legislative action to overcome racial barriers and the use of State courts to protect minority voter literacy testing.
b.
voting rights for all Americans, including women and African Americans.
c.
judicial action to overcome racial barriers and the use of federal court-ordered injunctions.
____ 68. If someone has no sense of political efficacy, how would this affect his or her voting behavior?
a.
The person feels that the political process is not as fair as it once was, so he or she probably would vote for campaign reform.
b.
The person lacks any sense of his or her own influence or effectiveness in politics, so the person probably would not vote.
c.
The person feels an unnatural sense of political superiority, so he or she probably would vote only in major elections.
____ 69. If you wanted to run for President of the United States, but you did not win a party’s endorsement, what could you do to keep yourself in the running?
a.
match government-mandated campaign funds
b.
commandeer a national party convention
c.
announce yourself as a candidate for President
____ 70. What impact does the mass media have on the public agenda?
a.
It focuses the public’s attention on specific issues.
b.
It has made candidates far more dependent on party organizations.
c.
It tells people how and for whom to vote.
____ 71. About 300,000 physicians belong to the American Medical Association (AMA). Which of the following best describes this group?
a.
The AMA is an economic professional interest group that impacts public policy for the welfare of the profession and its members.
b.
The AMA is a business special interest group that elects members to political office in the hopes of influencing public policy.
c.
The AMA is a labor economic interest group that raises funds to rewrite worldwide legislation and foreign policy.
____ 72. When President Nixon visited China to discuss foreign policy and represent the United States at ceremonial gatherings with Chinese leaders, what two presidential roles was he fulfilling?
a.
chief of state and commander in chief
b.
chief of state and chief diplomat
c.
chief administrator and chief legislator
____ 73. What do voters do in a State presidential primary?
a.
express a preference for a presidential candidate
b.
meet in a caucus to decide which candidates to vote for
c.
establish each party’s platform
____ 74. What power is each President exercising in these three statements?
(1)
Roosevelt sent the Great White Fleet around the world.
(2)
Washington participated in the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794.
(3)
Truman used nuclear weapons.
a.
commander in chief
b.
leader of the free world
c.
chief diplomat
____ 75. There are about 400 White House staff members working in the Executive Office of the President. Which of the following directly advises the President in all domestic, foreign, and military matters?
a.
East Wing
b.
National Security Council
c.
Central Intelligence Agency
: 1
Matching
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms.
a.
constitution
b.
executive power
c.
unitary government
d.
parliamentary government
e.
presidential government
f.
legislative power
____ 1. A ____ is the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of government.
____ 2. A ____, often described as a centralized government, is one in which all powers held by the government belong to a single, central agency.
____ 3. ____ is the power to make law and frame public policies.
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms.
a.
Anti-Federalists
h.
unicameral
b.
boycott
i.
representative government
c.
Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
j.
Virginia Plan
d.
Connecticut Compromise
k.
Petition of Right
e.
English Bill of Rights
l.
charter colonies
f.
Federalists
m.
Articles of Confederation
g.
Magna Carta
n.
proprietary colonies
____ 4. called for representation in Congress by population or by the amount of money given to the central government
____ 5. idea that government should serve the will of the people
____ 6. first English charter of liberties which included such fundamental rights as trial by jury and due process of law
____ 7. statement that Parliament forced the king to sign, declaring that even a monarch must obey the law of the land
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms. Some terms may be used more than once.
a.
coalition
b.
political party
c.
major parties
d.
minor party
e.
split-ticket voting
f.
precinct
g.
pluralistic society
____ 8. the smallest unit of election administration
____ 9. a group of people joined together on the basis of common principles, who seek to control government and public policy
____ 10. consisting of several distinct cultures and groups
____ 11. the dominant political parties in the United States
____ 12. casting ballots for candidates from different parties for different offices in the same election
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
Match each item with the correct statement below. You will not use all the terms. Some terms may be used more than once.
a.
ward
f.
split-ticket voting
b.
electorate
g.
splinter parties
c.
minor party
h.
major parties
d.
plurality
i.
bipartisan
e.
political party
____ 13. parties that have broken off from one of the major parties
____ 14. the greatest number of votes cast for a single office
____ 15. the people eligible to vote in any given election
____ 16. a group that seeks to control government by winning elections and holding public office
Modified True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the statement true.
IDENTIFYING KEY TERMS
____ 17. In a dictatorship supreme authority rests solely with the people. _________________________
____ 18. Government is the process of accommodating different needs and viewpoints. _________________________
____ 19. "Government of the people, by the people, for the people" describes a system of government in which the people are sovereign. _________________________
____ 20. The delegated powers are those powers that the Constitution grants to both National and State governments. _________________________
Short Answer
INTERPRETING GRAPHS
Use the graph to answer the following questions.
21. What percentage of voters turned out for the presidential election in 1964? In 1988?
22. Which year shows the greatest difference between voter turnout for presidential elections versus non-presidential elections?
23. How much did voter turnout for presidential elections decrease during the period 1964–1996? Was the decline steady or not? Explain.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
MAIN IDEAS
____ 24. Which of the following is among the characteristics of a state?
a.
population
b.
territory
c.
government
d.
all of the above
____ 25. Which best describes the event leading to the inauguration of the first President of the United States of America?
a.
The people elected the President and electors selected the Vice President.
b.
The States selected electors who voted to elect the President and Vice President.
c.
Congress elected the President and Vice President.
____ 26. The President's power to veto an act of Congress is an example of
a.
executive agreement.
b.
limited government.
c.
checks and balances.
____ 27. Which of the following was formally amended to the Constitution?
a.
balanced federal budget
b.
prohibition of alcoholic beverages
c.
equality of rights for women
____ 28. Which of the following amendments was ratified FIRST?
a.
the amendment allowing Congress to tax incomes
b.
the amendment guaranteeing freedom of speech
c.
the amendment ending slavery
____ 29. In the United States, a political party is made up of a group of people who
a.
work separately to support one major program or policy.
b.
work to get candidates elected to political offices.
c.
disagree on how to resolve the basic issues affecting the country.
____ 30. Although United States political parties focus on winning elections, most political parties in other countries also
a.
have certain principles they want adopted by government.
b.
seek to discourage compromise.
c.
support the one-party system of government.
d.
all of the above.
____ 31. Which of the following groups has tended to support the Democratic party in recent decades?
a.
union members
b.
the business community
c.
white males
____ 32. Which of the following is NOT a long-term trend marking the expansion of suffrage in the United States?
a.
eliminating requirements based on tax payments
b.
removing restrictive requirements based on religious belief
c.
the Federal Government taking less of a role in protecting suffrage rights
____ 33. The provisions of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 and its amendments of 1970, 1975, and 1982 apply to
a.
federal elections only.
b.
all national, State, and local elections.
c.
all federal and State elections, but not to all local elections.
____ 34. All of the following are significant reasons for nonvoting in United States elections today EXCEPT
a.
apathy or distrust of politics.
b.
long-term mental or physical illness or illness on an election day.
c.
widespread use of religious and literacy tests.
____ 35. Which act first established a federal commission to investigate claims of individual voter discrimination?
a.
Civil Rights Act of 1960
b.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
c.
Civil Rights Act of 1957
____ 36. All of the following have been used to keep African Americans from voting EXCEPT
a.
federal court orders.
b.
threats and social pressures.
c.
poll taxes.
____ 37. The biggest drawback of the need for large amounts of money to campaign is that
a.
getting money from PACs and temporary organizations is a very difficult process.
b.
people who cannot raise the money are denied a chance to be elected.
c.
candidates must use much of their own money to finance their campaigns.
____ 38. Which of the following is the earliest and one of the most significant agents in the political socialization process?
a.
gender
b.
place of residence
c.
family
____ 39. Which form of mass media is now the principle source of political information for about 80 percent of the population of the United States?
a.
radio
b.
television
c.
newspapers
____ 40. A public-interest group is different from any other interest group because it
a.
works to benefit many or all people, regardless of their affiliations.
b.
chooses to work for more specific goals rather than broader goals.
c.
hides its activities and beliefs from the public.
____ 41. Propaganda techniques aim to be
a.
immoral.
b.
persuasive.
c.
unethical.
____ 42. A presidential primary can be
a.
a process to select delegates to the convention.
b.
an election to determine voters' choice among candidates.
c.
both of the above.
d.
none of the above.
____ 43. One of the major flaws in the electoral college system is that
a.
the incumbent President is usually reelected.
b.
the winner of the popular vote is not guaranteed the presidency.
c.
electors are required to vote according to the wishes of their constituency.
____ 44. The Framers of the Constitution called for the President to be elected by
a.
Congress.
b.
a direct vote of the people.
c.
a body of electors.
____ 45. Which of the following statements is NOT an argument for direct popular election of the President?
a.
The winner would always be the majority choice.
b.
Direct popular election would be a simple, easily understood process.
c.
The small States would gain an advantage in a direct election plan.
____ 46. Which of the following gives the President the power to issue executive orders?
a.
congressional acts and the Constitution
b.
the oath of office and the Constitution
c.
congressional acts and the oath of office
____ 47. The President has the power to make executive agreements
a.
without any congressional action or approval.
b.
with the consent of two-thirds of the Senate.
c.
only a dozen times each year.
____ 48. "Promote the general welfare" really means that
a.
the state promotes private industry.
b.
the government is a servant to its citizens.
c.
the Constitution establishes the meaning of "welfare."
____ 49. The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to meet the demands of the
a.
Patriots.
b.
Congress.
c.
Anti-Federalists.
INTERPRETING DIAGRAMS
Use the diagram to answer the following questions.
____ 50. What label should appear at the place marked by the letter B?
a.
Powers reserved to the States
b.
Concurrent Powers
c.
Powers denied both the National Government and the States
____ 51. Based on voter turnout statistics, it is clear that many people
a.
tend to vote in off-year elections if the ballot is not too long.
b.
find voting for President more important than voting for members of Congress.
c.
believe voting is too time consuming.
____ 52. The differences in voting patterns between men and women have been shown to be
a.
too small to measure.
b.
issue-oriented.
c.
income-related.
____ 53. The nominating process is particularly important in
a.
a dictatorship.
b.
our two-party system.
c.
one-party constituencies.
d.
both b and c
____ 54. Compared with the caucus and convention methods, the number of people who can participate in choosing candidates through the direct primary is
a.
very small.
b.
much greater.
c.
much less.
____ 55. Which of the following does NOT need to be supported by facts in order to be valid?
a.
scientific reports
b.
public opinion
c.
public opinion polls
d.
both b and c
INTERPRETING POLITICAL CARTOONS
Use the cartoon to answer the following questions.
____ 56. Why would an interest group send a telegram to the speaker?
a.
to criticize the speaker
b.
to vote the speaker into office
c.
to express an opinion on an issue
____ 57. What does the speaker mean by "a telegram that's just poured in"?
a.
one that came from a very long distance
b.
one with a message supported by many people
c.
one that is very forceful and demanding
____ 58. If a party has been losing support nationally, it may depend heavily on the _____ to begin to reverse that trend.
a.
presidential primary
b.
voters
c.
national convention
____ 59. Should the "winner-take-all" flaw of the electoral college become a recurring problem, it would likely cause
a.
a drop in voter turnout.
b.
a rise in voter turnout.
c.
more elections to be decided in the House.
d.
none of the above.
____ 60. Which of the following ideas was NOT promoted by the "social contract" theory?
a.
individual rights
b.
common defense
c.
limited government
____ 61. In this political cartoon, which statement best describes how the two chefs make a democracy stew?
a.
A democracy cannot have competing interests.
b.
A democracy is made of similar views and interests.
c.
A democracy is made by blending and adjusting competing views and interests.
____ 62. What did the smaller States fear during the framing of the Constitution that led to a series of compromise proposals?
a.
They were worried that the larger States would have fewer separations of power and would use this loophole to gain control of the Senate.
b.
They were worried that the smaller States would be unable to participate in the slave trade.
c.
They were worried that the larger States would have greater representation in Congress and would dominate the government.
____ 63. The concept known as _____ means that basic powers are distributed among three distinct branches of government.
a.
separation of powers
b.
limited government
c.
constitutionalism
____ 64. In 1999, President Clinton used his executive powers to send troops to the Yugoslav province of Kosovo. Considering that only Congress can declare war, how was President Clinton able to send troops into combat without such a declaration?
a.
President Clinton was able to use his veto power to overturn Congress’s decision not to send troops.
b.
As the President of the United States, Clinton had exclusive authority over Congress.
c.
As the commander in chief, Clinton used his power to use the armed forces abroad without congressional approval.
____ 65. What does the constitutional principle of judicial review mean?
a.
Government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights the government cannot take away.
b.
The courts have the power to determine the constitutionality of a governmental action.
c.
People are the source of any and all government power.
____ 66. Which of the following is a reason for voter registration?
a.
to prevent fraudulent voting
b.
to prove a potential voter’s ability to read and write
c.
to prove payment of property taxes
____ 67. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 continued a pattern established by earlier civil rights legislation that emphasized
a.
legislative action to overcome racial barriers and the use of State courts to protect minority voter literacy testing.
b.
voting rights for all Americans, including women and African Americans.
c.
judicial action to overcome racial barriers and the use of federal court-ordered injunctions.
____ 68. If someone has no sense of political efficacy, how would this affect his or her voting behavior?
a.
The person feels that the political process is not as fair as it once was, so he or she probably would vote for campaign reform.
b.
The person lacks any sense of his or her own influence or effectiveness in politics, so the person probably would not vote.
c.
The person feels an unnatural sense of political superiority, so he or she probably would vote only in major elections.
____ 69. If you wanted to run for President of the United States, but you did not win a party’s endorsement, what could you do to keep yourself in the running?
a.
match government-mandated campaign funds
b.
commandeer a national party convention
c.
announce yourself as a candidate for President
____ 70. What impact does the mass media have on the public agenda?
a.
It focuses the public’s attention on specific issues.
b.
It has made candidates far more dependent on party organizations.
c.
It tells people how and for whom to vote.
____ 71. About 300,000 physicians belong to the American Medical Association (AMA). Which of the following best describes this group?
a.
The AMA is an economic professional interest group that impacts public policy for the welfare of the profession and its members.
b.
The AMA is a business special interest group that elects members to political office in the hopes of influencing public policy.
c.
The AMA is a labor economic interest group that raises funds to rewrite worldwide legislation and foreign policy.
____ 72. When President Nixon visited China to discuss foreign policy and represent the United States at ceremonial gatherings with Chinese leaders, what two presidential roles was he fulfilling?
a.
chief of state and commander in chief
b.
chief of state and chief diplomat
c.
chief administrator and chief legislator
____ 73. What do voters do in a State presidential primary?
a.
express a preference for a presidential candidate
b.
meet in a caucus to decide which candidates to vote for
c.
establish each party’s platform
____ 74. What power is each President exercising in these three statements?
(1)
Roosevelt sent the Great White Fleet around the world.
(2)
Washington participated in the Whiskey Rebellion of 1794.
(3)
Truman used nuclear weapons.
a.
commander in chief
b.
leader of the free world
c.
chief diplomat
____ 75. There are about 400 White House staff members working in the Executive Office of the President. Which of the following directly advises the President in all domestic, foreign, and military matters?
a.
East Wing
b.
National Security Council
c.
Central Intelligence Agency
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